API 5L laina paipu no ka aila a me ke kinoea laina paipu

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā paipu kinoea i ʻekolu ʻano: nā pipeline hōʻiliʻili kinoea, nā pipeline kinoea, a me nā pipeline hoʻohele kinoea e like me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana.

①Gas gathering pipeline: ka paipu mai ka luawai o ke kahua kinoea ma o ke keena houluulu a hiki i ke kinoea kinoea a i ole ke kinoea compressor station, ka mea i hoohana nui ia e ohi i ke kinoea maoli i lawe ole ia mai ka stratum.Ma muli o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe o ka pūnāwai kinoea, ʻoi aku ke kaomi o ka pipeline hōʻiliʻili kinoea ma luna o 100 kgf/cm2, a ʻo ke anawaena paipu he 50 a 150 mm.

②Nā paipu kinoea: nā paipu mai nā mea kanu hoʻoheheʻe kinoea a i ʻole e hoʻomaka ana i nā keʻena hoʻoheheʻe kinoea o nā kumu kinoea i nā kikowaena hoʻohele kinoea, nā mea hoʻohana nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻopaʻa kinoea ma nā kūlanakauhale nui, a me nā paipu e kamaʻilio pū kekahi i kekahi ma waena o nā kumu kinoea.Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, pili ka pipeline me ka lawe ʻana i ka pipeline.ʻO ke kinoea kūlohelohe maʻamau (e ʻike i ka ʻenehana hoʻoili kinoea pipeline) ʻo ia ka ʻāpana nui o ka ʻōnaehana holo kinoea holoʻokoʻa.ʻOi aku ka nui o ke anawaena o ka pipeline kinoea ma mua o ka pipeline hōʻiliʻili kinoea a me ka pipeline hoʻohele kinoea.ʻO ka pipeline kinoea nui loa he 1420 mm ke anawaena.Lawe ʻia ke kinoea kūlohelohe ma lalo o ke kaomi mai ke kahua hoʻomaka compressor a me nā kikowaena compressor ma ka laina.ʻO 70-80 kgf/cm2 ke kaomi kinoea, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka pipeline hiki ke hiki i nā kaukani kilomika.

③Pipa hoʻokaʻawale kinoea: ʻo ka pipeline mai ke kūlanakauhale hoʻoponopono kaomi a me ke keena ana i ka laina lālā mea hoʻohana he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā lālā he nui, ka ʻupena paipu paʻa, a me ke anawaena paipu liʻiliʻi.Ma waho aʻe o ka nui o nā paipu kila, hiki ke hana ʻia nā paipu hāʻawi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā paipu plastik a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe..

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka X-60 hao hao haʻahaʻa (ka palena ikaika o 42 kgf/cm2) no nā paipu, a ua hoʻomaka e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ikaika kiʻekiʻe e like me X-65 a me X-70.I mea e hōʻemi ai i ke kūʻē kūʻē i ka pipeline, ua uhi ʻia nā paipu kila hou ma luna o 426 mm me nā uhi kūloko.

Lawe ʻia nā kinoea o nā waiwai kino like ʻole ma ka pipeline hoʻokahi, a me nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kinoea kinoea a me ka wai ma -70 ° C a me 77 kgf/cm2 kiʻekiʻe.He ʻelua ʻāpana ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kinoea kinoea kūlohelohe: pipeline gas transmission station and line system.Aia ka ʻōnaehana laina i nā pipelines, nā lumi valve ma ke ala, nā hale keʻa (e ʻike i ka pipeline crossing project a me ka pipeline crossing project), cathodic protection station (see pipeline anticorrosion), pipeline communication system, dispatching and automatic monitoring system (see pipeline monitoring), etc. .

ʻO ka paipu kila ka mea nui o ka pipeline.ʻO ka paipu kila hoʻoili kinoea kūlohelohe kahi huahana metallurgical kūikawā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hana hohonu o ka pā (kāʻei).Ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o ka ʻenehana kaʻina hana, ʻo ka hui ʻana o ka pipeline steel kekahi mau ʻokoʻa i ka pipeline steel i hana ʻia e nā mea hana like ʻole.Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka noiʻi hao pipeline, ua kau ʻo Canada a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i nā ʻāpana hoʻāʻo o X100 a me X120 pipeline steel.I ka Jining tie-line pipeline project ma Kina, X80-grade pipeline steel i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻāpana hoʻāʻo 7.71km no ka manawa mua.ʻO ka 4,843km ka lōʻihi o West-East Gas Pipeline o ka laina ʻelua laina pahu e hoʻohana ana i ka X80 steel grade pipe kila me ke anawaena o 1219mm, e hoʻonui ai i ke kaomi kinoea i 12Mpa.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka kila X80 he ʻano pālua ʻelua o ka ferrite a me ka bainite, ʻo X100 paipu kila he hale bainite, a ʻo X120 paipu kila he ultra-low carbon bainite a me martensite.

No nā paipu kinoea kūlohelohe, ka ikaika, ka paʻakikī a me ka weldability ʻo ia nā ʻekolu o nā hōʻailona mana maikaʻi loa [6].